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- Spain then and now
- Spain then and now
- Architecture
- Spanish Architecture Overview
- Medieval Architecture in Spain.
- Architecture as Cultural Signpost in Spain.
- The Great Mosque of Córdoba. La Mezquita.
- Inside the Great Mosque of Córdoba, Spain.
- Córdoba’s Cathedral is a Mosque!
- Córdoba’s Mosque: Muslim Calligraphy and Christian Imagery
- Alhambra. Historical Introduction.
- The Alhambra: What’s inside?
- Entering the Alhambra.
- Inside the Alhambra. The Nasrid Palace.
- The Alhambra: Court of the Lions
- Alhambra. A Case of Two Palaces.
- Alhambra: The Architecture of Palaces and Power.
- Alhambra. Architecture with Poetry and Arabesque.
- San Baudelio. A Gem of Mozarabic Architecture.
- Castles in Spain. History.
- Romanesque Architecture. Characteristics.
- Romanesque Architecture. Catalonia’s Unique Style.
- Romanesque in Aragón, Navarra, Castile-León
- Church Architecture and the Reconquista.
- Cistercian Architecture in Spain.
- Gothic Architecture. Characteristics.
- Four Spanish Gothic Cathedrals: Their Historical Meaning.
- Burgos Cathedral.
- Renaissance Architecture in 16th-Century Spain
- Plateresque Style in Spain’s Golden Age Architecture.
- Charles V’s Palace in the Alhambra. Golden Age Architecture.
- El Escorial. History, Content, Significance.
- Antoni Gaudí 1852-1926. A Catalan Architect Par Excellence.
- Gaudi. El Capricho. Comillas. An Oriental, Gothic Fantasy.
- Gaudí. Casa Batlló, La Pedrera, Park Güell.
- Gaudí. La Sagrada Familia. History.
- Gaudí. La Sagrada Familia.
- Bilbao’s Guggenheim Museum: Not Just A Building.
- Art
- Spanish Art Overview
- Cave Paintings in Spain
- Romanesque Art and Sculpture in Spain
- Painting in Spain’s Golden Age. Background and Overview.
- Spanish Golden Age Art: Religion, Portraits, Landscapes.
- Golden Age Religious Painting and Flemish Influence.
- Golden Age Religious Painting and Italian Influence
- Golden Age Art: Religion, Politics, Art in the 16th Century.
- Spanish Golden Age Art: Portraits and their Significance.
- El Greco’s Art: Visionary, Dematerialised, Unearthly.
- Velázquez’s Early Years and Seville, 1599-1623.
- Velázquez’s Early Paintings. The Seville Years. 1599-1623.
- Velázquez. The Immaculate Conception. Vision of St. John.
- Velázquez’s Adoration of the Magi 1619.
- Velázquez. Christ in the House of Martha and Mary. The Supper at Emmaus.
- Velázquez (1599-1660). Bodegones and Daily Life.
- Velázquez: From Seville to Madrid (The Court) 1623-31.
- Velázquez. Madrid. Italy. Madrid.1631-60.
- Velázquez and Classical Mythology. The Rokeby Venus.
- Velázquez. Mythology. Bacchus. Vulcan. Mars. Mercury.
- Velázquez. Las Hilanderas or The Fable of Arachne.
- Velázquez. Las Meninas. Introduction and Status Symbol.
- Velázquez: Las Meninas (1656) and Reality.
- Zurbarán 1598-1664. Brief Biography and Review of his Art.
- Zurbarán. Christ on the Cross. Temptation of St. Jerome.
- Bartolomé Murillo 1617-1682. His Life and Art in Seville.
- Bartolomé Esteban Murillo 1617-82. A Brief Comparison with Velázquez and Zurbarán.
- Francisco de Goya
- Culture
- Spanish Culture Overview
- Spanish Food. History. Introduction. 2016.
- Spain’s Jamón Ibérico. The World’s Greatest Ham.
- Spanish Food History: The Early Days.
- Spanish Food History: The Romans.
- Arab and Moorish Influence on Spanish Food.
- Arab Moorish Influence on Agriculture in Al-Andalus.
- Ziryab (789-857) and Spanish Food, Fashion and Etiquette.
- Conversos and Moriscos: Tyranny of Food. 2016.
- Bullfighting in Spain (“Corrida de toros”)
- History
- Spanish History Overview
- The earliest years
- Spain in the Palaeolithic Age
- Spain. Copper Age: Antequera.
- The Iberians in Spain
- The Celts in Spain.
- Iberians and Celts in 19th and 20th-Century Spain.
- Tartessus
- The Phoenicians in Spain. Why were they there?
- The Greeks in Spain.
- The Carthaginians in Spain.
- Roman Conquest of Spain/Hispania.
- Roman Legacy in Spain/Hispania.
- Roman Roads in Spain/Hispania.
- Roman Towns in Spain/Hispania and the Creation of Empire.
- Roman Spain/Hispania and Christianity.
- The Visigoths in Spain. Their Arrival and Unexpected Legacy.
- Visigoths or “Invisigoths!” in Spain. Can we ignore them?
- Spain. Visigoths and Unity: Monarchy. Religion. Law.
- Spain. Visigoths and Jews.
- Al-Andalus. History of the Rise and Fall of Islamic Spain.
- Al-Andalus. 8th Century Invasion.
- Al-Andalus. 8th Century. Consolidation.
- Al-Andalus. 9th Century.
- Al-Andalus: 10th Century. Abd al-Rahman III.
- Al-Andalus. 10th Century. Córdoba and Culture.
- Al-Andalus. 10th Century. Al-Mansur.
- Al-Andalus. 11th Century. Taifa kingdoms
- Almoravids in Al-Andalus. 11th Century.
- Almohads in Al-Andalus. 12th Century.
- Al-Andalus: The Survival of the Kingdom of Granada.
- Al-Andalus: Economy.
- Al-Andalus. Dhimmis.
- Al-Andalus. Muwallads.
- Al-Andalus. Mozarabs.
- Mozarabs. Resistance Accommodation.
- Mozarabs. A Controversial Term.
- Mudejars. From Survival to Conversion.
- Moriscos. Their History in Spain.
- The Story of St. James and The Camino de Santiago.
- Camino de Santiago. Birth, Rise and Popularity. 9th to 14th Centuries.
- Camino de Santiago. Decline and Rebirth.
- Camino de Santiago. Why Santiago de Compostela? Why St. James?
- Camino de Santiago. Many Routes and Pilgrims.
- Camino de Santiago. The Role of Royalty.
- Asturias. León. History of Early Christian kingdoms.
- Pamplona. Navarre. History of Early Christian kingdoms.
- Castile. Early History and Formation.
- Alfonso X, el Sabio 1221-84. Politics.
- Alfonso X. El Sabio: Language and Law.
- Alfonso X. El Sabio: Histories and Translations.
- History of the Jews in Spain to 13th Century.
- History of the Jews in Spain.14th-Century.
- History of the Jews in Spain. Early 15th-Century.
- History of the Jews and Conversos in Spain. 15th Century
- Conquest of Granada and the End of al-Andalus.
- History of Spain. Birth of a Nation. 16th-Century Overview.
- Ferdinand and Isabella: Catholic Monarchs. Politics.
- Charles V of Spain. Politics.
- History of Spain.17th-Century Overview.
- History of Spain.18th Century. Overview (1)
- History of Spain.18th Century. Overview (2).
- History of Spain.19th Century. Overview.
- Spain’s Peninsular War 1808-14 and the Rise of Liberalism.
- Spain. Restoration 1875-1902
- Anarchism in Spain in the 19th Century.
- History of Spain. 20th Century. Overview.
- Spain. Political Regeneration and Restoration 1902-23.
- Spain. Restoration 1902-1931. Alfonso XIII. The Monarchy.
- Spain. Restoration 1900-1923. The Military.
- General Miguel Primo de Rivera: The Rise of a Dictator.
- General Miguel Primo de Rivera: The Fall of a Dictator.
- Second Spanish Republic 1931-36. History. Overview.
- Second Spanish Republic 1931-36. Transition to Provisional Government.
- Second Spanish Republic. The Church June 1931-November 1933.
- Second Spanish Republic. Agrarian Reform June 1931-November 1933.
- Second Spanish Republic. Military Reform June 1931-November 1933.
- Second Spanish Republic. Regional Autonomy. June 1931-November 1933.
- Second Spanish Republic. 1931-33. Unions and Forces of Order.
- Casas Viejas, January 1933. A Spanish Tragedy.
- Second Spanish Republic. Nov 1933-Feb 1936. The Right Takes Charge.
- Second Spanish Republic. Nov1933-Feb1936. The Left Reacts.
- Second Spanish Republic. February 1936-July 1936. Prelude to Civil War.
- Spanish Civil War: An Overview of the Causes.
- Spanish Civil War. How it all Began: July – August 1936.
- Spanish Civil War. Objective Madrid.
- Spanish Civil War. Republican Disunity.
- Spanish Civil War. International Context.
- Spanish Civil War. An Uncivil War.
- Spain after the Civil War. International Relations.
- Franco Crusader Saviour?
- The Catholic Church and the Spanish Civil War.
- The Catholic Church after the Spanish Civil War.
- CORDOBA. Historical Overview of Europe’s once mightiest City.
- GRANADA to the 16th century. Muslim and Christian Presence.
- GRANADA Spain from the 16th to 20th Century.
- SEVILLE to 1500.
- SEVILLE. 16th and 17th Centuries.
- SEVILLE from 1700.
- TOLEDO. Historical Overview of its Rise, Fall and Rebirth.
- CATALONIA. Early History to 1000 AD.
- Catalonia History: 11th and 12th Centuries.
- Catalonia in the 13th Century. The Age of Expansion.
- Catalonia in the 14th Century. Political and Social Turmoil.
- Catalonia. History. 15th Century.
- Catalonia. History. 18th Century.
- Catalonia. History. 19th-Century.
- Catalonia. Renaixença. Cultural Rebirth.
- Catalonia. Towards a Catalan Voice.
- Catalonia. History 1900-1923.
- ARAGON. Early History to 1137.
- Literature
- Spanish Literature Overview
- Al-Andalus. The Rich and Surprising Variety of Love Lyrics.
- Al Andalus. Homoerotic Poetry. An Unexpected Discovery.
- Al-Andalus. Nature in Andalusi Poetry. Originality, Variety.
- Al-Andalus. Women Poets. Surprisingly Independent Voices.
- The Kharjas: Early Lyrical Poetry in Spain.
- Cantigas Gallego-Portugesas. Introduction.
- Cantigas de amigo. Background and Analysis.
- Cantigas de amigo. Simple Poetry and Complex Structure.
- El Cid: Brief Biography
- Poema de Mío Cid: Summary of a Self-Made Man’s Life.
- Poema de Mío Cid: Is the Cid Spain’s Hero?
- Poema de Mío Cid: Rodrigo de Vivar: A Different Hero.
- Alfonso X el Sabio and the Cantigas de Sta. María.
- Book of Good Love: Libro de buen amor. What is it about?
- Book of Good Love: The Art of Ambiguity.
- Book of Good Love. Libro de buen amor. Love and seduction.
- Spanish Ballads. Historical Overview to Civil War 1936-39.
- Spanish Ballads. Origins. Classification.
- Spanish Ballads. Metre. Rhyme. Style.
- Spanish Ballad. De amores trata Rodrigo. Analysis.
- Spanish Ballad. Encima del duro suelo. Analysis.
- Spanish Ballad: En Burgos está el buen rey.
- La Celestina. Summary.
- La Celestina. Author. Genre. Location.
- La Celestina. The Upstairs World of Calisto and Melibea.
- The Downstairs World of Celestina.
- La Celestina. Challenge and Innovation.
- La Celestina. Daily Needs and Survival.
- La Celestina. Interpretation(s).
- Spain Golden Age Literature. Early Background.
- Spain Golden Age Literature. Innovations and Originality.
- Romances of Chivalry. Definition and Characteristics.
- Amadis of Gaul. Summary.
- Amadis of Gaul. The Art of Storytelling.
- Romances of Chivalry. Why were they so popular in Spain?
- Spain. Romances of Chivalry. Decline of a Popular Genre.
- Garcilaso de la Vega 1501?-1536. Life and Fame.
- Garcilaso de la Vega. Poetic Innovations.
- Garcilaso de la Vega. Sonnet 1. Cuando me paro … Analysis.
- Garcilaso de la Vega. En tanto que de rosa… Analysis.
- Lazarillo de Tormes: Summary.
- Lázaro: The Letter Writer.
- Lazarillo. Cynic, Saint. Knight?
- Lazarillo de Tormes and Reality.
- Fray Luis de León 1527-91. Life and Work.
- Fray Luis de León. Noche Serena and the Path to Truth.
- San Juan de la Cruz: Noche oscura. Analysis.
- San Juan de la Cruz . Llama de amor viva. Analysis.
- Góngora. Brief Biography of a Gambler, Rebel, Poet.
- Luis de Góngora. Andeme yo caliente/…1581
- Góngora. Mientras por competir… Analysis.
- Góngora and Gongorismo or the Art of Obscurity.
- Quevedo: Poderoso caballero… Analysis.
- Quevedo: ¡Ah de la vida!…
- Quevedo. Bermejazo platero de las cumbres.
- Quevedo. El Buscón. Introduction and Language.
- Quevedo. El Buscón. Why is the Role of Conversos Important?
- Quevedo. El Buscón. Book I. Summary.
- Quevedo. El Buscón. Book II. Summary.
- Quevedo. El Buscón. Book III. Summary.
- Alemán. Guzmán de Alfarache. Introduction.
- Alemán. Guzman de Alfarache. New Epic or Novel?
- Alemán. Guzmán de Alfarache. From Equality to Heroism.
- Cervantes. Life. Part I. 1547-80.
- Cervantes. Life. Part II. 1580-1616.
- Cervantes: What is it about Titles?
- Cervantes: What is it about the title “Don Quixote”?
- Don Quixote Part I (1605). Summary.
- Don Quixote Part II (1615): Summary.
- Don Quixote: A Famous Failure.
- Don Quixote. Hero or Fool?
- Don Quixote and the Real World. Part I (1605).
- Don Quixote and the Real World. Part II (1615).
- Don Quixote’s Squire Sancho Panza.
- Don Quixote. An Authoritarian’s Nightmare.
- Don Quixote: The “True”Story
- Don Quixote. Hero or Religious Extremist?
- Lope de Vega. Fuenteovejuna. Summary.
- Calderón. La vida es sueño. Summary.
- Life is a Dream. La Vida es Sueño. Act I. Scenes 1 to 4.
- Tirso de Molina. EL Burlador de Sevilla. Summary.
- Don Juan…the Devil
- Tirso de Molina. Burlador de Sevilla. Don Juan and Honour.
- Generation of 1898. What Does the Term Mean?
- Generation of 1898. Precursors and the “Problem of Spain.”
- Angel Ganivet (1865-1898). Idearium español. 1897.
- Lorca: The House of Bernarda Alba. Summary Act I.
- Lorca: The House of Bernarda Alba. Summary. Acts II and III.
- Lorca. The House of Bernarda Alba: The House.
- Lorca. The House of Bernarda Alba. Characters: Bernarda.
- Lorca. The House of Bernarda Alba. Characters: Bernarda’s Daughters.
- Lorca. The House of Bernarda Alba. Characters: La Poncia.
- Lorca. The House of Bernarda Alba. Characters: Pepe el Romano.
- Travel
- Spanish Travel Overiew
- General Map of Spain.
- Geography of Spain.
- The Spanish Coast. A gateway to several cultures.
- Spain. The North Coast.
- Las Rías
- Spanish Coast. La Costa Verde. The Green Coast.
- Spanish Coast. La Costa Vasca.
- Spanish Coast. La Costa Cantábrica.
- Spain. The Mediterranean Coast and its Transformation.
- La Costa de la Luz
- Spain. Mountains.
- Spain. The Meseta.
- Spain. Rivers.
- Spain. Water Problems. Drought, Irrigation and Protection.
- Spain: UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- Visiting Córdoba, a “Silent” City with Dazzling Sights.
- Visiting Toledo. A Journey into the History of a Country.
- Travel Itinerary: 2013 Trip to Spain.
- Travel 2013: Barcelona Arrival
- Travel 2013. Day 1. Barcelona
- Travel 2013. Day 2. Barcelona
- Travel 2013. Day 3. Barcelona to Cuenca
- Travel 2013. Day 4. Cuenca to Granada
- Travel 2013. Day 5 (1). Granada
- Granada. Spain. Travel 2013. Day 5. Royal Chapel, Albaicín.
- Travel 2013. Day 6. Las Alpujarras
- Travel 2013. Day 7. Granada La Hoya
- Travel 2013. Day 8. La Hoya to Carmona
- Travel 2013. Day 9 (1). Carmona Seville
- Travel 2013. Day 9 (2) Seville
- Travel 2013. Day 10 (1) Carmona Córdoba
- Travel 2013. Day 10 (2) Cordoba Almagro
- Travel 2013. Day 11. Almagro to Madrid
- Travel 2013. Day 12 (1) Madrid
- Travel 2013. Day 12 (2) Madrid
- Travel 2013. Day 13 Madrid to Segovia
- Travel 2013. Day 14 Segovia El Burgo de Osma
- Travel 2013 Day 15 Berlanga, Baudelio, Gormaz
- Travel 2013. Day 15 (2) Calatañazor
- Travel 2013. Day 16. Burgo de O to Sos del Rey
- Travel 2013. Day 17 Sos and Leyre Monastery
- Travel 2013 Day 18. San Juan de la Peña and Alquézar
- Travel 2013. Day 19. Alquézar
- Travel 2017: Itinerary and Arrival.
- Travel 2017. Day 1. Madrid Bilbao.
- Travel 2017. Day 2. Bilbao, Guggenheim Museum. Argoños
- Travel 2017. Day 3. Argoños.
- Travel 2017. Day 4. Santillana del Mar.
- Travel 2017. Day 5. Comillas. Gaudí’s El Capricho.
- Travel 2017. Day 6. Bárcena Mayor.
- Travel 2017. Day 7. Santillana to Oviedo.
- Travel 2017. Day 8. Oviedo Bárzana.
- Travel 2017. Day 9. Oviedo Ribadeo.
- Spain. Climate Change, Drought, Heatwaves and Solutions.
